Digital Markets Act
Sets duties for gatekeepers: large platforms designated by the Commission for core platform services such as app stores, search, messaging and operating systems.
- Supervision
- European Commission
- Official text on EUR-Lex
- eur-lex.europa.eu · 32022R1925
- Rows compiled
- 2026-10-06 · 2026-10-06
Obligations
| Who | Duty | Article | From |
|---|---|---|---|
| Undertakings meeting the thresholds | Notify the Commission within two months of meeting the gatekeeper thresholds. | Art. 3(3) | 2023-05-02 |
| Gatekeepers | Do not combine personal data across services without consent, and let business users offer other prices and terms elsewhere. | Art. 5 | Six months after designation |
| Gatekeepers | Do not self-preference in ranking, allow uninstalling apps and third-party app stores, and give data portability. | Art. 6 | Six months after designation |
| Gatekeepers of messaging services | Make basic functions interoperable with other messaging services on request. | Art. 7 | Six months after designation |
| Gatekeepers | Inform the Commission of every intended merger or acquisition in the digital sector. | Art. 14 | From designation |
| Gatekeepers | Submit an independently audited description of consumer profiling techniques. | Art. 15 | Six months after designation |
| Gatekeepers | Report each year on the measures taken to comply. | Art. 11 | Six months after designation |
Exemptions
| Who | Condition | Article |
|---|---|---|
| Gatekeepers in exceptional circumstances | The Commission may suspend an obligation if compliance would endanger the economic viability of the gatekeeper's operations in the Union. | Art. 9 |
| Gatekeepers, public interest | The Commission may exempt a gatekeeper from an obligation on grounds of public health or public security. | Art. 10 |
| Undertakings above the thresholds | May argue they do not meet the qualitative criteria for designation. | Art. 3(5) |
Fines
| Breach | Highest amount | Article | Imposed by |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-compliance with gatekeeper obligations | 10 % of total worldwide turnover in the preceding financial year | Art. 30(1) | European Commission |
| Repeated infringement within eight years | 20 % of total worldwide turnover | Art. 30(2) | European Commission |
| Incorrect or misleading information, failure to notify | 1 % of total worldwide turnover | Art. 30(3) | European Commission |
| Periodic penalty payments | 5 % of average daily worldwide turnover per day | Art. 31 | European Commission |
Dates
| Dates | Article | |
|---|---|---|
| 2022-11-01 | Entry into force | Art. 54 |
| 2023-05-02 | The regulation applies; notification duty starts | Art. 54 |
| 2023-09-06 | First gatekeepers designated | Art. 3 |
| 2024-03-07 | First gatekeepers must comply with Articles 5, 6 and 7, six months after designation | Art. 3(10) |
Obligations, exemptions, fines and dates in EU digital rules
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